ASTM A453 Grade 660 Class B Grade D Hot Rolled A286 GH2132 Round Bar

ASTM A453 Grade 660 Class B Grade D Hot Rolled A286 GH2132 Round Bar 

1. Overview of materials
Standard Background: ASTM A453 is a high strength material standard for fasteners such as high temperature bolts and bolts, Grade 660 belongs to precipitation hardened stainless steel (PH stainless steel) with excellent strength, corrosion resistance and high temperature performance.
Class D classification: Class D indicates the mechanical performance grade of the material after a specific heat treatment (such as solid-soluble annealing + aging hardening), usually corresponding to higher tensile strength and hardness requirements.

2. Chemical composition (typical value)
Element content (wt.%) Effect
Cr 15.0–17.0 Corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance
Ni 3.0–5.0 Austenitic stabilization
Cu 3.0–5.0 Key elements of precipitated hardening
C ≤0.07 Carbide precipitation control
Mn ≤1.0 Deoxygenation, improve heat processability
Si ≤1.0 Antioxidant
Other Nb/Ta (0.15–0.45) Stabilized carbide, fine grain

3. Mechanical properties
Class D requirements:
Tensile strength: ≥1310 MPa (190 ksi)
Bending Strength: ≥1170 MPa(170 ksi)
Elongation (50mm standard distance): ≥10%
Hardness: HRC 38–45 (Rocket hardness)
Heat treatment process:
Solid Solution: 1040–1065°C Heated to Quick Cooling (Oil or Air Cooling)
Time-saving treatment: 480–620°C insulation for 4 hours, air cooled (specific parameters adjusted according to performance requirements).
4. Fields of application
High temperature fasteners: gas turbines, aircraft engine bolts, nuclear reactor pressure vessel connections.
Corrosion-resistant environment: components in marine platforms and chemical equipment need to balance strength and corrosion resistance.
Special Requirements Scenarios: Acidic or chlorinated environments requiring resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC).
Correlation with other standards
UNS number: S66286 (UNS S66286 corresponds to ASTM A453 Gr.660).
AMS Standard: AMS 5737 (Aerospace Material Specification, Covering Similar Components and Performances).
Compared to other levels:
Class A/B: Low strength (e.g. Class A tensile strength ≤965 MPa), suitable for medium temperature environments.
Class C/D: Increased strength, Class D is the highest grade, suitable for extreme load conditions.
6. Machining and welding advice
Cold processing: It needs to be carried out in a solid solution annealing state, and after molding, aging treatment is required to restore strength.
Weldability: can be used TIG or MIG welding, after welding need to re-solidification + aging treatment to eliminate thermal impact zone softening.
Surface treatment: passivation or coating (such as cadmium plating, nickel plating) can be performed to improve corrosion resistance.

Summary
ASTM A453 Gr.660 Class D is a high-strength precipitation hardened stainless steel suitable for harsh high temperature, high pressure and corrosive environments. Its performance is achieved through a precise heat treatment process and is widely used in key connecting components in aerospace, energy and chemical industries.

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